SAINT BERNADETTE

The Facts Behind The Story

Rev. A.E. Bennett, B.A.

' . . . Your life begins, Bernadette. So ends the story of the earthly life of that little girl whose revelations astonished the world. And today, sixty-six years after, millions thrill to the sweet song she made, unconsciously, for all the world to hear-a song of innocence, humility and love-made not for bodily ears, but for the ears of the soul.

She learnt it from the lovely lady that she saw in the grotto of Massabielle, whose words she might well make her own: 'My soul doth magnify the Lord . . . for He hath looked upon the lowliness of His handmaid . . . and He that is mighty hath done great things to me. For in a lesser way God had done great things to her, too. She was lowly and poor and unlearned, but she was chosen to be a messenger from heaven.

On February 11, 1858, Bernadette Soubirous, child of poor parents in the town of Lourdes, in Southern France, went with two other children to gather firewood by the banks of the River Gave. She was fourteen years of age, an innocent and gentle girl, rather dull at her lessons. The day was bitterly cold, so when the other two girls took off their shoes and crossed a small stream, she waited behind, because she suffered from asthma.

However, when the others had gone further on to collect sticks, Bernadette decided to follow them. She had taken off one of her stockings when she heard the sound of a strong wind, but could see nothing. Just across the stream in the side of the hill there was a large cave, or grotto, with a kind of niche or opening high up at the back. Let Bernadette herself tell the story of what now happened:

WHAT HAPPENED TO BERNADETTE

'I turned towards the meadow, and I saw that the trees were not moving at all. I had half noticed, but without attending to it, that some branches were waving somewhere near the grotto. I went on taking my shoes off, and I was putting one foot into the water, when I heard the same sound in front of me. I lifted my eyes, and I saw a mass of branches and brambles tossed and waving this way and that; under the higher opening in the grotto; though nothing stirred all round. Behind these branches, in the opening, I saw immediately afterwards, a white girl, not bigger than I, who made me a little bow with her head. At the same time she put her hands out a little from beside her body-her arms were hanging down like the (pictures of) our Lady. A rosary was hanging on her right arm.

'I was frightened. I stepped back. I wanted to call the two little ones, but I dared not. I rubbed my eyes again and again; I thought I must be mistaken. Looking up, I saw the girl smiling at me very sweetly. She seemed to be inviting me to approach, but I still was frightened. All the same, it was not a fear like what I have felt at other times, because I would always have stayed to look at that, but when one is frightened one goes away quick. Then I thought of saying my prayers. I put my hand in my pocket and took out the rosary that I always carry in it; I knelt down and meant to make the sign of the Cross, but I could not put my hand to my forehead-it fell back. Meanwhile, the girl put herself sideways and turned towards me; this time she was holding the big rosary in her hand. She crossed herself, as though to pray. My hand was trembling; I tried again to make the sign of the Cross, and this time I could. After this I was no more frightened. I said my rosary. The girl made the beads of hers slip (through her fingers), but she did not move her lips.

'While saying my Rosary, I was looking as hard as I could. It was wearing a white dress, hanging down to the feet, of which only the tips appeared. The dress was fastened quite high up, round the neck, by a fold from which a white cord was hanging. A white veil, covering the head, went down over the shoulders almost to the hem of the dress. On each foot I saw a yellow rose.

The sash of the dress was blue, with its ends hanging down to her feet. The chain of the rosary was yellow; the beads, white, large and widely separated. The girl was alive, very young and surrounded with light. When I had finished my Rosary, she bowed to me, smiling, retired into the niche and disappeared all of a sudden.

ECSTASY

Bernadette was examined and re-examined upon the details of what she saw, but never did she alter or add anything to the description. What, then, is the explanation of this strange story? Imagination? That's what her parents said. That's what the civil authorities and the clergy said. But events proved otherwise.

In spite of all kinds of hindrances, she returned to the grotto about eighteen times during the following days, and each time her 'beautiful girl appeared again. When the vision appeared, Bernadette's face became transfigured with ecstasy. It shone with a heavenly radiance so that her mother hardly recognised her. 'Tears were running from her eyes, said a man who saw her on the second occasion; 'she was smiling, and her face was beautiful-more beautiful than anything I have ever seen. At times she was completely lost to everything else in the world, even when surrounded by thousands of people.

Was this hallucination? Not one of the symptoms of hallucination was present. A doctor observed her pulse and breathing during the ecstasy and found them both to be normal. She was perfectly calm and, after the visions, she acted in a quite normal way. She was not seeking publicity, for she took no notice of the crowds, and she tried to avoid the questioners who pestered her. She never spoke of the vision unless compelled to by inquirers. People were struck by the charming grace of her gestures, and the transparent faith and devotion she displayed when she made the sign of the Cross so beautifully in imitation of her lady.

THE MIRACULOUS SPRING

On February 25 there was an entirely new development. Bernadette was seen to move about the grotto, and then to scratch in the ground with her hands. She said afterwards that the lady told her to drink of the spring, and wash in it. She could see no spring, but the lady pointed to this place, and when she began to dig she found a little muddy water. She drank some, and rubbed it on her face. The people thought she was mad, and the scoffers began to laugh-the whole thing had become a joke.

But the joke became very serious when it was discovered in the afternoon that a stream of clear water was flowing from the muddy hole. Very soon the spring was pouring forth 27,000 gallons per day, and it has continued to do so till the present time.

Soon after this, Bernadette went to M. Peyramale, the Dean of Lourdes, with a message from her lady. She had been told to go to the priests and to tell them that a chapel should be built at the grotto. Also, the lady had said: 'Let processions come hither. The priest replied: 'Have you any money to build a chapel? 'No, she said. 'Neither have I. Ask the lady for some. The priests gave her no encouragement. None of them had been to the grotto. It is the policy of the Church not to recognise alleged visions or miracles until there is overwhelming proof that they are genuine.

It was not long before such proof was forthcoming, but it was only after several years that a commission of enquiry set up by the bishop finally pronounced that the happenings at Massabielle could be accepted as supernatural.

Things began to happen, however, that made it more and more difficult to be an unbeliever. A child that had been paralysed from birth lay dying. The doctor said there was no hope, but the mother, in desperation, carried her baby to the grotto and bathed him in the ice-cold water of the spring. Immediately the child became well; he was completely cured. Fifty years afterwards he was to be seen at Lourdes, as a man helping to carry the sick.

Such are the facts, briefly outlined, upon which the noted author, Franz Werfel, based his story, 'The Song of Bemadette. In 1940 France was overrun by the armies of Hitler. Fleeing from the Nazi persecution, Franz Werfel (not a Catholic, but a Jew) found himself in Lourdes, with little chance of escape. He expected any day to find himself a prisoner, and condemned to death. But the days dragged on, and the Nazis did not come. Franz Werfel was not idle during this time. He took the opportunity to make a study of the famous shrine of the Blessed Virgin and its history; and he made a vow that if he should escape to America, he would write a book to tell the story of the little girl whose name was already famous throughout the world.

HOLLYWOOD AND LOURDES

And so 'The Song of Bernadette was written, and the world acclaimed it as a best-seller. Then Hollywood was not slow to see in this beautiful story the material for an outstanding film. We are not accustomed to associate spirituality with Hollywood, but there can be no doubt that this film is a rare achievement. As someone said to me after seeing the picture: 'You are impressed not so much by what you see as by what you do not see. For there is a depth in it of truth and beauty that must appeal to all except the most material-minded.

Some there are, I know, who think the story is too good to be true -such things just don't happen in these days, they say. But history and science are against them, for there is overwhelming evidence that the story is true.

In the film, certain historical details have been altered somewhat for the sake of dramatic effect, but not the main facts of the story. It might be well to point out here one or two items in the film that are not historically accurate. It is not true, for instance, that Bernadette was persuaded to enter the convent. It was her own desire entirely. She was sent to board with the Sisters in order to finish her schooling, and also to escape from the endless crowd of inquirers who wanted to cross-examine her. Some years later she asked to be admitted as a Sister into the convent and was sent to Nevers, where she afterwards spent most of her time looking after the sick.

Another point worth mentioning is this: It is true that Bernadette suffered from the severity of her Novice Mistress, Sister Marie Vazous, who seems to have failed to understand the precious soul committed to her charge. Possibly for dramatic effect the severe side of Sister Vazous' character is considerably exaggerated in the film. Allowance should be made for this. Otherwise, the character may give a false impression to those not otherwise acquainted with convent life.

THE END OF THE SONG?

But, despite such minor defects, 'The Song of Bernadette tells a truthful story very beautifully. The lady had said to Bernadette: 'I do not promise to make you happy in this world, but only in the next. And so, quite rightly, the story ends on a note of triumph: 'Your life begins, Bernadette . . . .

That was the last note to be heard on earth, then, of the sweet song of the little peasant girl of Lourdes. Or was it? If it were, then did the whole world take up the chorus. For her story was told in many lands, and the grotto of Massabielle became a focal point of devotion, first for hundreds, then for thousands, and finally for millions. Streams of pilgrims carne from near and far. A large church was built near the grotto, and then a second and third, one above the other. Far from being forgotten, Lourdes has become more and more famous. The number of pilgrims before the war had reached over a million per year. And many of those who go are sick, and some are dying-all hoping to benefit, bodily or spiritually, from the divine gifts that are dispensed there.

But why should this be so? Why all this enthusiasm? What proof is there that an extraordinary power is at work there? Indeed, what proof have we that the whole story of Bernadette and her lovely lady is anything more than a pious legend-very beautiful and poetic, no doubt, but the product of a child's imagination? This is the twentieth century. Science should have something to say about such alleged wonders.

THE VERDICT OF SCIENCE

Yes, and it is twentieth century science that gives the answer.

On one side of the large square before the basilica at Lourdes, there is an office called the 'Bureau des Constatations.

Within that office there meets a committee of doctors. Any qualified medical practitioner from any part of the world, be he atheist, Jew, Protestant or Catholic, may sit on that committee. In actual fact, large numbers of doctors come there to take part in its deliberations-and many of them are unbelievers.

There is a reason for the existence of this bureau, for wonderful things take place at Lourdes, well worthy of scientific investigation. Yes, the sick are cured-not all the sick who go there, by any means; but over 4000 cures have been recorded, besides many that have not been investigated.

This, then, is faith-healing, perhaps? Religious excitement, auto-suggestion, the power of the mind over the body? Yes, faith-healing can work wonders-of a sort. In the right circumstances it can cure, at least temporarily, many ailments due to nervous disorder. So-called 'faith-healers and psychologists both make use of this mower of mind over body.

MEDICAL EVIDENCE.

But the cases investigated by the bureau at Lourdes are not cures of nervous disorders. They are cures of organic disease. 'Faith-healing has never cured a man in the last stages of cancer-much less, cured him in one day. Autosuggestion never caused a tuberculosis patient, spitting blood and dying, to jump from his bed, never again to suffer from any traces of the disease. Broken limbs are not set overnight by the power of the mind over the body-especially when a large section of the bone has been removed.

But all these things, and many more equally wonderful, have happened at Lourdes. The bureau rejects immediately any cure that might possibly be explained by suggestion, or any other natural cause. It examines only alleged cures of organic disease. And then it demands themost complete medical evidence, with doctors' diagnosis, X-ray photographs and a full history of the case. If then, after a thorough examination of the patient's present condition, it is found that a cure has taken place, and if after a considerable period of time it is found to be permanent, the bureau will pronounce that medical science can give no explanation of the cure.

Anyone is free to go to Lourdes and study the medical files of the various cases. Men of science go there in large numbers, many of them having no belief in the supernatural. These go out of curiosity, or they go to scoff. But they come away either converted or baffled. Not a single one of them has ever found a natural explanation for what goes on there.

In the beginning it was thought that the water of the spring might have some curative properties, but chemical analysis showed it to be nothing but ordinary drinking water. Anyhow, nowadays many cures take place apart from the use of the spring water.

THE CASE OF JOHN TRAYNOR

By way of an example, it may be of interest to give here some details of one of the cases recorded at the Medical Bureau. I choose the case of John Traynor.

John Traynor was a Liverpool man. In 1914, when the first World War broke out, he was mobilised with the Royal Naval Reserve, to which he belonged. On April 25, 1915, he took part in the landing at Gallipoli. He was in charge of the first boat to leave ship, and was one of the few to reach the shore that day. He seems to have been literally sprayed with bullets. Medical Corps men brought him back dazed and suffering to the beach. A well-known English surgeon operated on him in Alexandria, in an attempt to sew together the severed nerves in the upper arm, which a bullet wound had left paralysed and useless. The attempt failed, and so did another.

He suffered now frequently from epilepsy, and in April, 1920, a doctor realised that this was probably the result of the head wounds, and operated on the skull. But his condition was no better after this operation. He had fits as often as three times a day. Both legs were partly paralysed, and nearly every organ in his body was impaired.

Somebody arranged to have him admitted to Mossley Hill Hospital for Incurables on July 24, 1923. He never went there. By that date he was in Lourdes instead.

'YOU'LL DIE ON THE WAY

A pilgrimage to Lourdes was being organised from Liverpool. John Traynor decided he was going, and managed to scrape together the few pounds necessary. But his doctor would not give him a medical certificate to travel. He tried several others. They all refused. 'You cannot make the trip, said one of the priests. 'You will die on the way, and bring trouble and grief to everybody.

But John Traynor was a determined man, and he went to Lourdes all the same. Three times they tried to take him off the train in France to bring him to a hospital, as he seemed to be dying. Each time there was no hospital where they stopped, and the only thing to do was to go on again with the patient on board. So he arrived at Lourdes.

On the morning of the second day there, he was being wheeled to the baths when he had a bad epileptic fit. Blood flowed from his mouth, and the doctors were much alarmed. As he came to, he heard them saying: 'Better take him back at once to the Aisle (the place where the sick are cared for). 'No, you won't, he protested. 'I've come to be bathed, and I'm not going back. 'You'll die in the bath, they said. 'If I do, I'll die in a good place.

CERTIFIED INCURABLE

And so John Traynor was lifted into the bath-a physical wreck, covered with sores, a dying cripple. The signed statement of Drs. Azurdia, Finn and Harley testifies that he was suffering from: (1) Epilepsy; (2) paralysis of the radial, median and ulnar nerves of the right arm; (3) atrophy of the shoulder and pectoral muscles; (4) a trephine opening in the right parietal region of the skull-in this opening, about one inch, there is a metal plate for protection; (5) absence of voluntary movement in the legs, and loss of feeling; (6) lack of bodily control.

A second time he was placed in the bath, and then he was taken to be blessed during the procession of the Blessed Sacrament in the great square in front of the church. Just as the Sacred Host had passed by, his right arm, which had been dead since 1915, was violently agitated. He burst the bandages and blessed himself-for the first time in years. A strange feeling came into his legs. The stretcher-bearers thought he was having another bad turn. He was given an injection to keep him quiet, and taken back to bed.

FROM CRIPPLE TO COAL-MAN

That was in the afternoon. Early next morning he heard the bells ringing out the Lourdes hymn, and jumped out of bed. He fell on his knees to finish the Rosary he had been saying, and then ran out of the ward, pushed two assistants out of the way, and, in his pyjamas, ran barefoot a distance of some two or three hundred yards, over the rough gravel, to the Grotto.

John Traynor was cured.

'All I know, he said afterwards, 'was that I should thank the Blessed Virgin, and the Grotto was the place to do it. My mother had taught me that when you ask a favour from Our Lady, or wish to show her some special veneration, you should make a sacrifice. I had no money to offer, as I had spent my last few shillings on rosaries and medals for my wife and children, but, kneeling there before the Blessed Mother, I made the only sacrifice I could think of. I resolved to give up cigarettes.

Soon after that and any time afterwards for twenty years, you could have seen in Liverpool a hefty 16-stone man, in the coal and haulage business, lifting 200 lb. sacks of coal, who was officially classified as 100 per cent. disabled and permanently incapacitated.

That man was John Traynor. He died in 1943 from hernia, a complaint in no way related to the illness and wounds of which he was cured in Lourdes.

Another group of experts testified, though unconsciously, to the miracle. The British War Pensions Ministry, after extensive investigations, awarded him full disability pension for life. They never revoked that decision.

If the enemies of religion could find a natural explanation for such a case as this, they would certainly do so. But they have failed. Lourdes is an unanswerable challenge to modern belief. You cannot argue against Lourdes. You cannot use the weapon of science. You can only close your eyes to the facts, or else-believe.

ZOLA WRITES FICTION

There are some, of course, who say that miracles can't happen, therefore they don't happen. No amount of evidence would convince people with such an unscientific approach to the question. There are none so blind as those that will not see. Such a man was Emile Zola, the French novelist, who went to Lourdes and afterwards wrote a novel on what he saw there. He actually witnessed two unmistakable cures. Marie Lebranchu (called 'La Grivotte by Zola in his novel) had tuberculosis in a very advanced stage, and Zola saw her coughing up blood on the train going to Lourdes. Next day she was completely cured. In his novel Zola tells the story, but attributes her improvement to nervous excitement, and makes her collapse and die on the way home. But she did not collapse, and never had a recurrence of the disease.

Zola knew this, and when a doctor afterwards asked him why he had made the story conclude in a way that was opposed to actual facts, he replied in a tone of annoyance: 'I suppose I am master of the persons in my own books, and can let them live or die as I choose? And besides, he added, 'I don't believe in miracles. Even if all the sick in Lourdes were cured in one moment, I would not believe in them! That reminds you of the Gospel words: 'Neither will they believe if one should rise from the dead.

Anyhow, Zola's answer is the best that modern materialism can give. It shows what prejudice will do to a person's judgment in face of incontrovertible facts. And there are no secrets about Lourdes-no skeleton in the cupboard. Anyone is free to go there and study the evidence and see for himself.

MIRACLES OF GRACE

But let us not get things out of proportion. The miraculous cures at the Blessed Virgin's shrine are only a small part of the story of Lourdes. For something far more important goes on there all the time. Anyone who goes there, as I have done, will realise that. Yes, the Grotto of Massabielle is a focal point of intense prayer. If you want to see living faith, not smothered by convention or human respect-transparent faith, unmistakably sincere, then go with a pilgrimage to Lourdes.

Listen to the murmuring torrent of the Rosary, many languages together in a mighty unison, as thousands of pilgrims march in procession carrying lighted candles; and remember the message that Bernadette brought to the priest: 'And the lady said, Let processions come hither.''

Or kneel in the great square before the church as Christ in the Sacred Host is carried round for the blessing of the sick. There they lie, helpless on their stretchers or sitting in wheel chairs, in long rows; and behind them kneel their relations and friends and the thousands of pilgrims. How like those days in Galilee, when they brought out their sick and blind and crippled that the Saviour might touch them!

THIS IS NEAR HEAVEN

Then a voice rings out, the voice of a priest leading the prayers: 'Jesus, Son of David, have mercy on us! And then:

'Lord, we adore Thee! And round the square the echo rolls from all those voices: 'Lord, we adore Thee! 'Lord, we hope in Thee!' And the answer comes: 'Lord, we hope in Thee!

Lord, we love Thee! He who does not pray at Lourdes is indeed hard of heart. Then, as the Blessed Sacrament

approaches, you hear the invocations:

'Thou are the Christ, the Son of the living God!

'Thou art my Lord and my God!

'Thou art the Resurrection and the Life!

Again and again the voices rise in response: 'Thou art the Resurrection and the Life! Yes, and Lourdes is indeed a

place of resurrection and life. For the sick and the suffering go away from there with new hope, new courage, new resignation and new peace. And there are conversions there-the conversion of sinners, the conversion of unbelievers. Bernadette once during her visions, after prostrating herself on the ground, stood and, turning to the people, cried out three times the word 'Repentance! How many countless souls have been brought to repentance here at the feet of the Blessed Virgin!

So does the Mother of God lead us to her Divine Son and to His Church. That Church has never in her long history lacked the testimony of miracles in her difficult task of convincing mankind of her divine mission to teach and sanctify all men. The Divine seal of miracles is the simplest and surest guide for the seeker after the true religion. The facts are obvious and beyond dispute. The only explanation is the direct intervention of God, Who cannot deceive His children. Thus, the testimony of Lourdes to the truth of the Catholic Church is its real significance for modern man.

And it all began with that gentle little girl, so 'stupid, so favoured, who went gathering firewood by the Gave at Massabielle. These are the facts behind the story that has captivated the world.

DEATHBED OF A SAINT

The life of Bernadette is a perfect example of how God makes use of the humblest of instruments to do His work. 'For the weak things of the world hath God chosen that He may confound the strong. Bernadette's life was one of humility, charity, suffering and the love of God. And, as she lived, so did she die. Here is an account of her death:

'At that hour, as increasingly throughout her illness, it was noticed how alive her eyes were. Their limpid depth had often been spoken of; they must have been wonderful, and specially in her face, that was so 'peasant in its purity. She answered all the prayers for the dying, and then, an hour before her departure, raising her eyes, cried three times, 'Oh! in a voice, they said, of surprise rather than of pain. Her body trembled throughout; she put her hand on her heart, and said, with clear accentuation: 'My God, I love Thee with all my heart, with all my soul, and with all my strength. She then took the crucifix into her own hands and kissed it, and begged pardon once more for all the trouble she had given. Then she said she was thirsty; she made, for the last time, her 'marvellous sign of the Cross, and drank a few drops. Then she said gently: Holy Mary, Mother of God, pray for me, a poor sinner, a poor sinner,' and died very quietly during this last prayer.

'Your life begins, Bernadette . . .

In 1933 Bernadette was declared a Saint by the highest authority in the Church.

Nihil obstat:

F. MOYNIHAN, Censor Deputatus.

Imprimatur:

@ D. MANNIX,

Archiepiscopus Melbournensis. November 30, 1945.

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