John Jacob Baegert

Missionary and ethnographer, born at Schlettstadt in Alsace, 23 December, 1717; died at Neustadt-on-the-Haardt in the Rhenish Palatinate, 29 September (or December), 1777. Baegert belonged to the Alsatian family from which had come several members of religious orders. He studied philosophy for two years, entered the Society of Jesus at Aschaffenberg, 27 September, 1736, taught the humanities at Mannheim in 1740, studied theology at Molshiem, and after ordination, 14 February, 1749, went to America as a missionary. Lower California was given to him as his field of labor. Here he founded the mission of San Ignacio and worked for seventeen years until the expulsion of the Society in 1767. He embarked at Loretto on the return journey, 3 February, 1768, and after a short stay in a Spanish monastery of the Minorites retired to the Jesuit college at Neustadt-on-the-Haardt, where he ended his days. In 1773 Baegert publish anonymously at Mannheim "Nachrichten von die amerikanisher Halbinsel Californien...mit einen zweifachen Anhang falscher Nachrichten". The publication is distinguished by truthfullness of statement and corrects the over-favorable description of conditions in California which had been given by Father Venegas in his account issued at Madrid in 1751. Father Baegert describes the physical character of Lower California, the customs and language of the natives, and narrates the history of the mission. Owing to the numerous ethnographic observations the work was of value up to the middle of the nineteenth century and an edited translation was issued by the Smithsonian Institution in 1863-64; Vivien de Saint-Martin also wrote a detailed account of the work. The contemporaries of Baegert spoke highly of his talent for poetry and his fine personal qualities.

Reports of the Smithsonian Institution (Washington, 1863), 352 sqq.; (1864), 378 sqq.: (1865), 41 sqq.; de Saint-Martin, L'Anne geographique, V, 1866 (Paris, 1867), 233-39; Backer-Sommervogel, Bibliotheque (1890), I, 760, sqq. and (1898), VIII, 1724; Huonder, Deutsche Jesuitenmissionare des XVII. und XVIII. Jahrhunderts in Stimmen aus Maria-Laach, sup. to vol. LXXIV (Freiburg im Br., 1899), 106,; Geny ed., Historia, 1631-1765 in Die Jahrbucher der Jesuiten zu Schlettstadt und Rufach, 1615-1765 (Strausburg, 1896), II, 699 sqq. (contains the most readable personal data).

OTTO HARTIG