SIXTEENTH AGE OF THE CHURCH

POPES

A. D.

1503 Alexander VI.

1503–1503 Pius III.

1503–1513 Julius II., April 2, August 7.

1513–1521 Leo X., March 6, April 2.

1522–1523 Adrian VI., May 10.

1523–1534 Clement VII., July 5.

1534–1549 Paul III., July 31.

1550–1555 Julius III.

1555–1555 Marcellus II., Feb. 13, Aug. 7.

1555–1559 Paul IV., May 5, Aug. 7, Nov. 4.

1559–1565 Pius IV., May 5, Nov. 4.

1566–1572 St. Pius V., March 7, May 5, Nov. 4.

1572–1585 Gregory XIII, Feb. 5, May 26, Oct. 10, Nov. 4.

1585–1590 Sixtus V.

1590–1590 Urban VII.

1590–1591 Gregory XIV.

1591–1591 Innocent IX.

1592 Clement VIII.

KINGS OF ENGLAND

1509 Henry VII.

1547 Henry VIII., May 5.

1553 Edward VI.

1558 Mary.

Elizabeth, mov. feasts.

Mary Stuart, May 5.

KINGS OF FRANCE

1515 Louis XII.

1547 Frances I.

1559 Henry II.

1560 Francis II.

1574 Charles IX.

1589 Henry III.

Henry IV.

COUNCILS

1542 Of Trent, gen., July 31, Oct. 9, Nov. 4.

1564 Of Trent, gen., July 31, Oct. 9, Nov. 4.

ECCLESIASTICAL WRITERS

1507 St. Francis of Paula, April 2.

1517 Cardinal Ximenes.

1515 John Trithemlus.

1527 Jacobetius.

James Hochstrat.

1534 Cardinal Cajetan.

1535 John Fisher, Nov. 4.

Thomas More, Nov. 4.

1536 Erasmus.

1539 Longspergius, Nov. 15.

1541 Santes Pagninus.

1543 Ekius.

1550 St. John of God, March 8.

Lippomanus, Introd. Discourse

1552 Ambrosius Catharinus.

1558 Alphousus a Castro.

1558 Cardinal Pole, July 31, Nov. 4.

1560 Vega

Melchior Cano, Nov. 4, Oct. 10.

1563 Lewis Blosius, Nov. 15.

Richard Smith, vide Dodd

1569 Venerable John d’Avila, March 8.

Sixtus Senensis.

1576 Cornelius Jansenius of Gant.

1578 Surius.

1579 Cardinal Hosias

1581 Richard Bristow, vide Dodd.

Nicholas Sanders, vide Dodd.

Edmund Campion.

1582 St. Teresa, Oct. 15.

Baltazar Alvarez, July 3, Oct. 15.

1583 Maldonat.

1584 St. Charles Borromæus, Nov. 4.

1585 Salmeron.

1586 Navarrus.

1588 Lewis of Granada Oct. 9.

1590 Bartholomew de Martyribus

1593 Toletus.

1594 William Allen.

William Reynolds, vide Dodd

1595 St. Philip Neri.

1598 Arias Montanus.

Thomas Stapleton, vide Dodd

William Sheprey, vide Dodd.

1599 Robert Turner, vide Dodd

1600 Lewis Molina.

Dominic Soto, March 8.

Peter Soto.

Alphonsus Rodriguez, July 31.

SAINTS

The following were remarkable for their sanctity in this age:

St. Jane, Queen of France, Feb. 4.

St. John of God, Portugal, March 8.

St. Francis of Paula, April 2.

St. Paschal Baylon, Spain, May 17.

St. Felix of Cantilicio, Italy, May 21.

St. Philip Neri, Florence, May 26.

St. Aloysius Gonzaga, Castiglione, June 21.

Martyrs of Gorcum, July 9.

St. Jerom Emiliani, Venice, July 20.

St. Ignatius of Loyola, July 31.

St. Cajetan of Thienna, Aug. 7.

St. Catharine of Genoa, Sept. 14.

St. Thomas of Villanova, Sept. 18.

St. Lewis Bertrand, Spain, Oct. 9.

St. Francis Borgia, Spain, Oct. 10.

St. Teresa, Spain, Oct. 15.

St. Peter of Alcantara, Oct. 19.

St. Charles Borromæo, Nov. 4.

St. Andrew Avellino, Nov. 10.

St. Stanislas Kostka, Poland, Nov. 13.

St. John of the Cross, Spain, Nov. 24.

St. Francis Xavier, Navarre, Dec. 3.

B. John Marinoni, Venice, Dec. 13.

HERETICS

A. D.

1504 The Brothers of Bohemia.

1518 Luther, Aug. 28.

Melancthon, mov. feasts.

Carlostadt.

Zuinglius.

1523 Le Clerc.

1524 Œcolampadius, Aug. 4, mov. feasts

1525 Anabaptists, mov. feasts.

Muncer, chief of Anabaptists.

1526 Sacramentarians.

1527 Ubiquitarians.

Faber.

1529 The Lutherans are called Protestants.

1528 Bucer.

1531 Michael Servetus, chief of the Antitrinitarians

1534 John of Leyden, Anabaptist.

1535 Calvin, Aug. 28, mov. feasts.

1553 Servetus, mov. feasts.

John a Casco, mov. feasts.

1550 Osiander.

1558 Valentine Gentilis, mov. feasts.

1561 Faustus Socinus, mov. feasts.

1562 Episcopalians—Presbyterians.

1568 Puritans.

1583 Robert Brown.

1590 Blandrata, mov. feasts.

Baius, July 19.

PERSECUTIONS

Many Catholics suffer the loss of their goods, imprisonment, and death, on account of their religion in England, from 1577 to 1684. See Miss. Priests.

CONVERSION OF NATIONS

St. Francis Xavier preaches in the Indies, Dec. 3.

The conversion of the Chinese, Feb. 5.

On the martyrs of China and Japan, Feb. 5.

A solemn embassy of obedience from three kings of Japan to Pope Gregory XIII., Feb. 5.

On the sects in China, Dec. 3.

St. Lewis Bertrand preaches in America, Oct. 9.

DOCTRINE AND DISCIPLINE

Eucharist, March 8.

Mass, March 8, May 26.

Confession, March 8, April 2.

Viaticum, May 26.

Extreme Unction. March 8, May 26.

RELIGIOUS INSTITUTES

A. D.

1500 The Order of the Nuns of the Annunciation of the Blessed Virgin instituted.

St. Jerom Æmilliani founds the Congregation of Regular Clerks, July 20.

1540 The Society of Jesus was approved by Paul III., July 31, Dec. 3.

The Order of Charity founded by St. John of God, March 8.

1551 The reformation of the Franciscans or Capuchins, April 24.

1562 The Constitutions of St. Teresa for the reformation of the Carmelites, is approved, Oct. 15.

1564 The Congregations of Oratorians founded by St. Philip Neri, May 26.

On the Congregation of Regular Clerks, Aug. 7.

St. Camillus founds an Order, July 14.

The Order of Theatins, Aug. 7.

1567 Pope Pius V. condemns seventy-six propositions under the name of Baius.

1568 Cardinal Allen founds the English College at Douay

MISCELLANEOUS SUBJECTS

1571 The Turks are defeated in the battle of Lepan to, May 5.

Architecture in churches, Aug. 25, Nov. 18.

Description of churches, Nov. 9.

On the Calendar, Jan. 1, Oct. 15.

On the Arabic ciphers, Oct. 15.

On the invention of printing, Dec. 3.